Gum health

Why do gums recede?

Reviewed by Dr. Samuel Bacon, DDS (dentist). Last reviewed November 3, 2026.

Status: Approved

Short answer: Gums can recede, or pull back to expose the tooth root, for several reasons. These include gum disease, brushing too hard, teeth that are out of position, injury to the gums, and naturally thin gum tissue. Recession can make teeth sensitive and roots easier to decay. Treatment depends on the cause.

Common causes

The ADA lists these causes of gum (gingival) recession:

  • Tooth position. A tooth that's crowded or sticks out may have less bone covering its root.
  • Heredity. Some people have thin or fragile gum tissue.
  • Aggressive brushing.
  • Injury to the gums.
  • Gum disease (periodontal disease).

The ADA also notes you can have good oral hygiene and still develop recession.

Why it matters

When gums recede, the ADA says the root's dentin can be exposed and cause sensitivity. Root surfaces decay more easily than enamel, according to the ADA. When minor recession is ignored, more recession and bone loss are likely.

Treatment

  • Brushing technique. If brushing too hard is the cause, your dental team can show you a gentler method.
  • Scaling and root planing. If gum disease is the cause, this deep cleaning is usually the first step.
  • Gum grafts. These can help cover exposed roots and reduce further recession.

Your dentist may refer you to a gum specialist for grafting.

At Indy Smile Group

We check your gum levels at every exam and do cleanings, initial gum disease treatment and gum maintenance in-house at all three offices. Gum grafting and advanced gum surgery are referred to a gum specialist. See our teeth cleaning pages for Fishers, Carmel and North Indy.

Next step

Ready to talk it through with a dentist? Book online or call the office closest to you.

Frequently asked questions

Can receding gums be fixed?
The ADA notes gum grafts can help cover exposed roots and reduce further recession. Ask your dentist what fits your case.

Does brushing too hard cause recession?
It can. The ADA lists aggressive brushing as one cause. Use a soft brush and gentle pressure.

Why are my teeth sensitive near the gumline?
Exposed roots from recession can cause sensitivity. Have it checked.

Sources

  1. JADA (ADA) For the Dental Patient – Gingival recession
  2. ADA MouthHealthy – Gum Disease
  3. ADA MouthHealthy – Sensitive Teeth

Last reviewed: November 3, 2026
Reviewed by: Dr. Samuel Bacon, DDS (dentist)

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